REFERENCES Ashbaugh, C. D., Moser, T. J., Shearer, M. H., White, M. H., Kennedy, R. C. and Wessel, M. R. (2000) 'Bacterial determinants of persistent throat colonization and the associated immune response in a primate model of human group A streptococcal pharyngeal infection.' Cellular Microbiology, 2(4), 283-292. Bisno, A. L., Gerber, M. A., Gwaltney, J. M. Jr., Kaplan, E. L. and Schwartz, R. H. (2002) 'Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis' Clinical infectious disease, 35(2), 113-25. Boccazzi, A., Tonelli, P., and Ceruti, R. (2000). 'What's new in Streptococcal pharyngitis?'International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 16(3), 287-9. Chamberlain, N. R. (2010) Infections of the upper respiratory tract. Available at:http://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/lectures/lecture/uriphyn.htm (Accessed: 17th December 2010). Edwards, A.M., Manetti, A.G., Falugi, F., Zingaretti, C., Capo, S., Buccato, S., Bensi, G., Telford, J. L., Mar (2008) 'Scavenger receptor gp340 aggregates group A streptococci by binding pili.' Molecular Microbiology, 68(6), 1378-1394. Gehanno, P., Portier, H. and Longuet, P. (1992) 'Current status on the epidemiology of acute pharyngitis and post-streptococcal syndromes.' La Revue du praticien, 42(3), 284-7. Guilherme, L., Kalil, J. and Cunningham, M. (2006) 'Molecular mimicry in the autoimmune pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease.' Autoimmunity, 39(1), 31-9. Fox, J. W., Marcon, M. J. and Bonsu, B. K. (2006) ‘Diagnosis of Streptococcal Pharyngitis by detection of Streptococcus Pyogenes in posterior pharyngeal versus oral cavity Specimens.’Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2593-2594. Harari, B. L., Darenberg, J., Nea,l S., Siljander, T., Strakova, L., Tanna, A., Ekelund, C. R. K., Koliou, M., Tassios, P.T., Van der Linden, M., Straut, M., Vuopio-Varkila, J., Bouvet, A., Efstratiou, A., Schalen, C., Henriques-Normark, B., the Strep-EURO study group and Jasir, A. (2009) ‘Clinical and microbiological characteristics of severe Streptococcus pyogenes Disease in Europe.’ Journal of clinical microbiology, 47(4), 1155–1165. Herwald, H., Cramer, H., Morgein, M., Russell, W., Sollenberg, U., Norrby-Teglund, A., Flodgaard, H., Lindbom, L. and Bjorck, L. (2004) 'M protein, a classical bacterial virulence determinant, forms complexes with fibrinogen that induce vascular leakage.' Cell, 116, 367–379. John, M. (2010) Rosen's emergency Medicine: Concepts and clinical practice. 7th edn. Pennsylvania: Mosby Elsevier. Kim, S. (2009) ‘The evaluation of SD bioline Strep A rapid antigen test in Acute Pharyngitis in paediatric Clinics.’Korean J Lab Med.,29:320-3. Pfoh, E., Wessels, M. R., Goldmann, D. and Lee, G. M. (2008) 'Burden and economic cost of group A streptococcal pharyngitis.' Pediatrics, 121(2), 229-34. Shelburne, S.A., Sumby, P., Sitkiewicz, I., Granville, C.N., DeLeo, F.R. and Musser, J.M. (2005a) 'Central role of a two-component gene regulatory system of previously unknown function in pathogen persistence in human saliva.' Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102: 16037-16042. Sumby, P., Tart, A. H. and Musser, J. M. (2008) 'A non-human primate model of acute group a Streptococcus pharyngitis.' Methods Mol Biol, 431: 255-267. Tewfik, T. L. and Al Garni, M. (2005) 'Tonsillopharyngitis: Clinical highlights.' J Otolaryngology,34(1), S45-9. Virtaneva, K., Porcella, S. F., Graham, M. R., Ireland, R. M., Johnson, C. A. and Ricklefs, S. M.(2005) 'Longitudinal analysis of the group A Streptococcus transcriptome in experimental pharyngitis in cynomolgus macaques.' Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102: 9014-9019. Walker, M. J. (2005) 'Is plasminogen deployed as a Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factor?' Trends Microbiology, (37)13, 308-313. Zahner, D., and Scott, J. R. (2007) 'SipA is required for pilus formation in Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M3.' J Bacteriol, 190: 527-535.
Ashbaugh, C. D., Moser, T. J., Shearer, M. H., White, M. H., Kennedy, R. C. and Wessel, M. R. (2000) 'Bacterial determinants of persistent throat colonization and the associated immune response in a primate model of human group A streptococcal pharyngeal infection.' Cellular Microbiology, 2(4), 283-292.
Bisno, A. L., Gerber, M. A., Gwaltney, J. M. Jr., Kaplan, E. L. and Schwartz, R. H. (2002) 'Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis' Clinical infectious disease, 35(2), 113-25.
Boccazzi, A., Tonelli, P., and Ceruti, R. (2000). 'What's new in Streptococcal pharyngitis?'International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 16(3), 287-9.
Chamberlain, N. R. (2010) Infections of the upper respiratory tract. Available at:http://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/lectures/lecture/uriphyn.htm (Accessed: 17th December 2010).
Edwards, A.M., Manetti, A.G., Falugi, F., Zingaretti, C., Capo, S., Buccato, S., Bensi, G., Telford, J. L., Mar (2008) 'Scavenger receptor gp340 aggregates group A streptococci by binding pili.' Molecular Microbiology, 68(6), 1378-1394.
Gehanno, P., Portier, H. and Longuet, P. (1992) 'Current status on the epidemiology of acute pharyngitis and post-streptococcal syndromes.' La Revue du praticien, 42(3), 284-7.
Guilherme, L., Kalil, J. and Cunningham, M. (2006) 'Molecular mimicry in the autoimmune pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease.' Autoimmunity, 39(1), 31-9.
Fox, J. W., Marcon, M. J. and Bonsu, B. K. (2006) ‘Diagnosis of Streptococcal Pharyngitis by detection of Streptococcus Pyogenes in posterior pharyngeal versus oral cavity Specimens.’ Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2593-2594.
Harari, B. L., Darenberg, J., Nea,l S., Siljander, T., Strakova, L., Tanna, A., Ekelund, C. R. K., Koliou, M., Tassios, P.T., Van der Linden, M., Straut, M., Vuopio-Varkila, J., Bouvet, A., Efstratiou, A., Schalen, C., Henriques-Normark, B., the Strep-EURO study group and Jasir, A. (2009) ‘Clinical and microbiological characteristics of severe Streptococcus pyogenes Disease in Europe.’ Journal of clinical microbiology, 47(4), 1155–1165.
Herwald, H., Cramer, H., Morgein, M., Russell, W., Sollenberg, U., Norrby-Teglund, A., Flodgaard, H., Lindbom, L. and Bjorck, L. (2004) 'M protein, a classical bacterial virulence determinant, forms complexes with fibrinogen that induce vascular leakage.' Cell, 116, 367–379.
John, M. (2010) Rosen's emergency Medicine: Concepts and clinical practice. 7th edn. Pennsylvania: Mosby Elsevier.
Kim, S. (2009) ‘The evaluation of SD bioline Strep A rapid antigen test in Acute Pharyngitis in paediatric Clinics.’Korean J Lab Med., 29:320-3.
Pfoh, E., Wessels, M. R., Goldmann, D. and Lee, G. M. (2008) 'Burden and economic cost of group A streptococcal pharyngitis.' Pediatrics, 121(2), 229-34.
Shelburne, S.A., Sumby, P., Sitkiewicz, I., Granville, C.N., DeLeo, F.R. and Musser, J.M. (2005a) 'Central role of a two-component gene regulatory system of previously unknown function in pathogen persistence in human saliva.' Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102: 16037-16042.
Sumby, P., Tart, A. H. and Musser, J. M. (2008) 'A non-human primate model of acute group a Streptococcus pharyngitis.' Methods Mol Biol, 431: 255-267.
Tewfik, T. L. and Al Garni, M. (2005) 'Tonsillopharyngitis: Clinical highlights.' J Otolaryngology,34(1), S45-9.
Virtaneva, K., Porcella, S. F., Graham, M. R., Ireland, R. M., Johnson, C. A. and Ricklefs, S. M.(2005) 'Longitudinal analysis of the group A Streptococcus transcriptome in experimental pharyngitis in cynomolgus macaques.' Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102: 9014-9019.
Walker, M. J. (2005) 'Is plasminogen deployed as a Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factor?' Trends Microbiology, (37)13, 308-313.
Zahner, D., and Scott, J. R. (2007) 'SipA is required for pilus formation in Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M3.' J Bacteriol, 190: 527-535.